system and method for sharing volatile matter in stamp-charged coke ovens

专利摘要:
summary “method and apparatus for sharing volatile matter in crush-loaded coke ovens” a volatile matter-sharing system includes a first crush-loaded coke oven, a second crush-loaded coke oven, a tunnel that connects fluidly the first crush-loaded coke oven to the second crush-loaded coke oven, and a control valve positioned in the tunnel to control the flow of fluid between the first crush-loaded coke oven and the second crushing oven. coke loaded by crushing.
公开号:BR112015003483B1
申请号:R112015003483
申请日:2013-08-13
公开日:2018-09-18
发明作者:John F. Quanci；Vince Reiling
申请人:Suncoke Technology And Development Llc；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

(54) Title: SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR SHARING OF VOLATILE MATTER IN STAMP-CHARGED COKE OVENS (51) Int.CI .: C10B 21/10; C10B 21/16 (30) Unionist Priority: 08/17/2012 US 13 / 589,004 (73) Owner (s): SUNCOKE TECHNOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT LLC (72) Inventor (s): JOHN F. QUANCI; VINCE REILING (85) National Phase Start Date: 02/18/2015
1/38 “SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR SHARING VOLATILE MATERIAL IN STAMP-CHARGED COKE OVENS”
REMISSIVE REFERENCE TO RELATED DEPOSIT REQUESTS [001] This application claims benefit from Non-Provisional Patent Application No. U.S. 13 / 589,004, filed on August 17, 2012, the description of which is incorporated herein in its entirety for reference.
FUNDAMENTALS [002] The present invention relates, in general, to the field of coke plants to produce coke from coal. Coke is a solid carbon fuel and a carbon source used to melt and reduce iron ore in steel production. In one process, known as the “Thompson Coking Process”, coke is produced by pulverized coal by batch feeding in an oven that is sealed and heated to very high temperatures for 24 to 48 hours under strictly controlled atmospheric conditions. Coke ovens have been used for many years to convert coal into metallurgical coke. During the coking process, finely ground coal is heated under controlled temperature conditions to devolatilize the coal and form a coke melt with a predetermined porosity and strength. Due to the fact that coke production is a batch process, multiple coke ovens are operated simultaneously.
[003] The melting and melting process submitted by the coal particles during the heating process is an important part of the coking process. The degree of melting and the degree of assimilation of the coal particles within the melt determine the characteristics of the coke produced. To produce the strongest coke from a particular coal or coal mixture, there is an ideal reason for reactive entities to inert into the coal. The porosity and strength of the coke are important for the ore refining process and are determined
Petition 870170006447, of 01/30/2017, p. 12/25
2/38 by the coal source and / or coking method.
[004] The coal particles or a mixture of coal particles in hot ovens, and the coal is heated in the ovens to remove volatiles from the resulting coke. The coking process is highly dependent on the oven design, the type of coal, and the conversion temperature used. The ovens are adjusted during the coking process so that each coal load is removed by coking within approximately the same period of time. Once the coal is "removed by coking" or fully coking, the coke is removed from the oven and cooled with water to cool it below its ignition temperature. Alternatively, the coke is cooled to dryness with an inert gas. The cooling operation must also be carefully controlled so that the coke does not absorb much moisture. Once the coke is cooled, it is evaluated and loaded onto wagons or trucks for transportation.
[005] Due to the fact that coal is fed into hot ovens, much of the coal feeding process is automated. In compartment-type or vertical furnaces, coal is typically loaded through grooves or openings in the upper part of the furnaces. Such ovens tend to be tall and narrow. Non-recovery or horizontal heat recovery coking ovens are also used to produce coke. In non-recovery or heat recovery coking ovens, conveyors are used to transport the coal particles horizontally into the ovens to provide an elongated bed of coal.
[006] As the adequate coal source to form metallurgical coal (“coking coal”) decreased, attempts were made to mix coals of poor or lower quality (“non-coking coal”) with coking coals to supply a load of coal suitable for
3/38 ovens. One way to combine non-coking and coking coal is to use compacted or stamp-charged coal. The coal can be compacted before or after it enters the oven. In some embodiments, a mixture of non-coking and coking coals is compacted to more than fifty pounds per cubic foot to use non-coking coal in the coke production process. As the percentage of non-coking coal in the coal mix is increased, higher levels of coal compaction are required (for example, up to about sixty-five to seventy-five pounds per cubic foot). Commercially, coal is typically compacted to about 1.15 to 1.2 specific gravity (sg) or about 70-75 pounds per cubic foot.
[007] Horizontal Heat Recovery (HHR) furnaces have a unique environmental advantage over chemical by-product furnaces based on the relative atmospheric conditions of operating pressure within the furnace. HHR furnaces operate under negative pressure while chemical by-product furnaces operate at a slightly positive atmospheric pressure. Both types of furnaces are typically constructed of refractory bricks and other materials in which creating a substantially airtight environment can be challenging, as small cracks can form in these structures during daily operation. Chemical by-product ovens are maintained at a positive pressure to prevent oxidation of recoverable products and ovens from overheating. In contrast, HHR furnaces are maintained at a negative pressure, inducing air outside the furnace to oxidize the coal volatiles and to release combustion heat within the furnace. These opposing operating pressure conditions and combustion systems are important design differences between HHR furnaces and chemical by-product furnaces. It is important to minimize the loss of volatile gases to the environment, so the combination of positive and
4/38 small openings or cracks in chemical by-product ovens allow raw coke oven gas (“COG”) and hazardous pollutants to leak into the atmosphere. In contrast, negative weather conditions and small openings or cracks in HHR furnaces or other locations in the coke plant simply allow additional air to be drawn into the furnace or other places in the coke plant so that negative weather conditions resist loss of COG to the atmosphere.
SUMMARY [008] One embodiment of the invention relates to a volatile matter sharing system that includes a first stampcharged coke oven, a second stamp-charged coke oven, a fluid tunnel that fluidly connects the first coke oven stamp-charged to the second stamp-charged coke oven, and a control valve positioned in the tunnel to control the fluid flow between the first stamp-charged coke oven and the second stamp-charged coke oven.
[009] Another embodiment of the invention relates to a volatile matter sharing system that includes a first stampcharged coke oven and a second stamp-charged coke oven, with each stamp-charged coke oven including an oven chamber , a sill duct, a descent tube channel that fluidly connects the oven chamber and the sill duct, a intake duct in fluid communication with the sill duct, the intake duct configured to receive exhaust gases of the oven chamber, an automatic capture register in the intake duct and configured to be positioned in any of a plurality of positions, including fully open and fully closed according to a position instruction to control an oven draft in the oven chamber , and a sensor configured to detect an operating condition of the stamp-charged coke oven, a
5/38 tunnel fluidly connecting the first stamp-charged coke oven to the second stamp-charged coke oven, a control valve positioned in the tunnel and configured to be positioned anywhere between a plurality of positions, including fully open and fully closed according to a position instruction to control the flow of fluid between the first stamp-charged coke oven and the second stamp-charged coke oven, and a controller in communication with the automatic pickup registers, the valve control, and the sensors, the controller configured to provide the position instruction to each of the automatic pickup registers and the control valve in response to the operating conditions detected by the sensors.
[010] Another embodiment of the invention relates to a method of sharing coke ovens loaded by compaction, the method including loading a first coke oven with stamp-charged charcoal, loading a second coke oven with stamp- charcoal charged, operate the second coke oven to produce volatile matter and at a second coke oven temperature at least equal to a target coke temperature, operate the first coke oven to produce volatile matter and at a first temperature of coke oven below the target coke temperature, transfer the volatile matter from the second coke oven to the first coke oven, burn the volatile matter transferred in the first coke oven to increase the first coke oven temperature to at least the target coke temperature, and continue to operate the second coke oven so that the second coke oven temperature is at least the target coke temperature.
[011] Another embodiment of the invention relates to a method of sharing volatile matter between two stamp-charged coke ovens, the method including loading a first coke oven with stampcharged coal, loading a second coke oven with stamp-charged coal, operate the
6/38 first coke oven to produce the volatile matter, operate the first coke oven to produce the volatile matter, detect a first coke oven temperature indicative of an overheating condition in the first coke oven, and transfer the volatile matter from the first coke oven to the second coke oven to reduce the first coke oven temperature detected below the superheat condition.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [012] Figure 1 is a schematic drawing of a horizontal heat recovery coke plant (HHR), shown according to an exemplary embodiment.
[013] Figure 2 is a perspective view of the portion of the HHR coke plant in Figure 1, with several cut sections.
[014] Figure 3 is a sectional view of an HHR coke oven.
[015] Figure 4 is a schematic view of a portion of the coke plant in Figure 1.
[016] Figure 5 is a sectional view of multiple HHR coke ovens with a first volatile matter sharing system.
[017] Figure 6 is a sectional view of multiple HHR coke ovens with a second volatile matter sharing system.
[018] Figure 7 is a sectional view of multiple HHR coke ovens with a third volatile matter sharing system.
[019] Figure 8 is a graph comparing the release rate of volatile matter with the time of a coke oven loaded with free coal and a coke oven loaded with stamp-charged coal.
[020] Figure 9 is a graph that purchases the crown temperature over time from a coke oven loaded with free coal and a coke oven loaded with stamp-charged coal.
7/38 [021] Figure 10 is a flow chart that illustrates a method of sharing volatile matter between coke ovens.
[022] Figure 11 is a graph comparing the crown temperature with the coking cycles of a first coke oven and with the coking cycles of a second coke oven where the two coke ovens share the volatile matter.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION [023] The contents of U.S. Patent No. 6,596,128 and U.S. Patent No. 7,497,930 are hereby incorporated by reference.
[024] With reference to Figure 1, an HHR 100 coke plant is illustrated to produce coke from coal in a reducing environment. In general, the HHR 100 coke plant comprises at least one kiln 105, together with heat recovery steam generators (HRSGs) 120 and an air quality control system 130 (for example, a gas desulphurisation system) combustion or exhaust (FGD)) that are positioned fluidly downstream of the ovens and are fluidly connected to the ovens by suitable ducts. The HHR 100 coke plant preferably includes a plurality of furnaces 105 and a common tunnel 110 that fluidly connects each of the furnaces 105 to a plurality of HRSGs 120. One or more crossing ducts 115 fluidly connect the common tunnel 110 to the HRSGs 120. A cooled gas duct 125 transports the cooled gas from the HRSG to the flue gas desulfurization system (FGD) 130. An air chamber 135 to collect particulate, at least one air draft 140 to control the air pressure within the system, and a main gas stack 145 to exhaust the cooled exhaust, treated for the environment are fluidly connected and are additionally downstream. Flow lines 150 interconnect the HRSG and a cogeneration plant 155 so that the recovered heat can be used. As shown in Figure 1, each “oven” shown represents ten ovens
8/38 reais.
[025] In Figure 2, more structural details of each oven 105 are shown in which several portions of four coke ovens 105 are illustrated with the sections cut for clarity and also in Figure 3. Each oven 105 comprises an open cavity preferably defined by a floor 160, a front door 165 that substantially forms an entire side of the oven, a rear door 170 preferably opposite the front door 165 that substantially forms the entire side of the oven opposite the front door, two side walls 175 that extend towards above the floor 160 intermediate to the front doors 165 and rear 170, and a crown 180 that forms the upper surface of the open cavity of an oven chamber 185. Control of air flow and pressure inside the oven chamber 185 may be essential for the efficient operation of the coking cycle and therefore the front door 165 includes one or more primary air inlets 190 that allow the primary combustion air to enter the chamber kiln area 185. Each primary air inlet 190 includes a primary air register 195 that can be positioned in any of numerous positions between fully open and fully closed to vary the amount of primary air flow within the oven chamber 185 Alternatively, one or more primary air intakes 190 are formed through the crown 180. In operation, the volatile gases emitted from the coal positioned inside the furnace chamber 185 collected in the crown are drawn downstream in the total system into the down tube channels 200 formed on one or both side walls 175. The down tube channels fluidly connect oven chamber 185 with a threshold duct 205 positioned below oven floor 160. The bottom duct 205 forms a winding path below the oven floor 160. The volatile gases emitted from the coal can be burned in the sill duct 205, thereby generating heat to withstand the reduction coal that forms the coke. Downpipe channels 200 are
9/38 fluidly connected to chimneys or intake channels 210 formed on one or both side walls 175. A secondary air inlet 215 is provided between the sill duct 205 and the atmosphere and the secondary air inlet 215 includes a secondary air register 220 that can be positioned in any of numerous positions between fully open and fully closed to vary the amount of secondary air flow in the threshold duct 205. The intake channels 210 are fluidly connected to the common tunnel 110 through one or more intake ducts 225. A tertiary air inlet 227 is provided between the intake duct 225 and the atmosphere. The tertiary air inlet 227 includes a tertiary air register 229 that can be positioned in any of numerous positions between fully open and fully closed to vary the amount of tertiary air flow in the intake duct 225.
[026] In order to provide the ability to control the gas flow through the intake ducts 225 and inside the ovens 105, each intake duct 225 also includes a intake register 230. The intake register 230 can be positioned in numerous positions between fully open and fully closed to vary the amount of oven draft in oven 105. As used here, “draff indicates negative pressure relative to the atmosphere. For example, a draft of 0.254 cm (0.1 inch) of water indicates a pressure of 0.254 cm (0.1 inch) of water below atmospheric pressure. Inches of water consists of a unit outside the International System (SI) for pressure and is conventionally used to describe the draft at various locations in a coke plant. If a draft is increased or otherwise become larger, the pressure is further reduced below atmospheric pressure. If a draft is reduced, decreased, or otherwise become less or less, the pressure moves towards atmospheric pressure. When controlling the oven draft with the intake register 230, the air flow in the oven from the air intakes 190, 215, 227 as well as air leaks inside the oven 105
10/38 can be controlled. Typically, as shown in Figure 3, an oven 105 includes two intake ducts 225 in two intake registers 230, however the use of two intake ducts and two intake registers is not a necessity, a system can be designed to use only one or more collection ducts and two collection records.
[027] As shown in Figure 1, an exemplary HHR coke plant 100 includes numerous ovens 105 that are grouped into kiln blocks 235. The illustrated HHR coke plant 100 includes five kiln blocks 235 of twenty ovens each, for a total of one hundred ovens. All ovens 105 are fluidly connected by at least one intake duct 225 to the common tunnel 110 which in turn is fluidly connected to each HRSG 120 by a crossing duct 115. Each oven block 235 is associated with a private crossing duct 115. The exhaust gases from each furnace 105 in an oven block 235 flow through the common tunnel 110 to the crossing duct 115 associated with each respective furnace block 235. Half of the furnaces in an oven block 235 is located on one side of an intersection 245 of common tunnel 110 and a crossing duct 115 and the other half of the ovens in furnace block 235 is located on the other side of intersection 245 [028] An HRSG valve or register 250 associated with each HRSG 120 (shown in Figure 1) is adjustable to control the flow of exhaust gases through the HRSG 120. The HRSG 250 valve can be positioned on the upstream or hot side of the HRSG 120, but is preferably positioned on the downstream side or cold of the HRSG 120. The HRSG 250 valves are variable in numerous positions between fully open and fully closed and the flow of exhaust gases through the HRSGs 120 is controlled by adjusting the relative position of the HRSG 250 valves.
[029] In operation, coke is produced in ovens 105 first by loading the coal into the oven chamber 185, heating the coal in a
11/38 oxygen depleted environment, extract the volatile fraction of coal and then oxidize the volatiles inside oven 105 to capture and use the emitted heat. The coal volatiles are oxidized inside the ovens during a coking cycle of approximately 48 hours, and release the heat to regenerate the carbonization of the coal into the coke regeneratively. The coking cycle begins when the front door 165 is opened and the coal is loaded onto the oven floor 160. The coal onto the oven floor 160 is known as the coal bed. The oven heat (due to the previous coking cycle) starts the carbonization cycle. Preferably, no additional fuel except that produced by the coking process is used. Approximately half of the total heat transferred to the coal bed is radiated downwards on the upper surface of the coal bed from the luminous flame of the coal bed and the radiant furnace crown 180. The remaining half of the heat is transferred to the bed of coal by conducting it from the oven floor 160 which is convectively heated from the volatilization of gases in the sill duct 205. In this way, a "wave" of carbonization process of the plastic flow of the coal particles and the formation of high-strength cohesive coke proceeds from the upper and lower limits of the coal bed at the same rate, preferably being in the center of the coal bed after about 45 to 48 hours.
[030] Precise control of system pressure, furnace pressure, air flow in the furnaces, the air flow within the system, and the flow of gases within the system is important for several reasons including to ensure that the coal is fully coking, effectively extracting all the combustion heat from the volatile gases, effectively controlling the oxygen level inside the oven chamber 185 and even at the coke plant 100, controlling the particulates and other potential pollutants, and converting the latent heat into the exhaust gases steam that can be used to generate steam and / or electricity. Preferably, each oven 105 is operated
12/38 in negative pressure so that air is drawn into the oven during the reduction process due to the pressure differential between oven 105 and the atmosphere. The primary air for combustion is added to the furnace chamber 185 to partially oxidize the coal volatiles, but the amount of that primary air is preferably controlled so that only a portion of the volatiles released from the coal is combusted in the chamber furnace 185 thus releasing only a fraction of its combustion enthalpy into the furnace chamber 185. The primary air is introduced into the furnace chamber 185 above the coal bed through the primary air intakes 190 with the amount of primary air controlled by the primary air registers 195. primary air registers 195 can be used to maintain the desired operating temperature within furnace chamber 185. Partially combusted gases pass from furnace chamber 185 through downflow channels 200 to inside the sill duct 205 where secondary air is added to the partially combusted gases. Secondary air is introduced through the secondary air inlet 215 with the amount of secondary air controlled by the secondary air register 220. As the secondary air is introduced, partially combusted gases are more fully combusted in the sill duct 205 extracting the remaining enthalpy of combustion that is conducted through the oven floor 160 to add heat to the oven chamber 185. The exhaust gases that are totally or almost totally combusted leave the threshold duct 205 through the intake channels 210 and then flow into the duct intake air 225. Tertiary air is added to the exhaust gases through the tertiary air inlet 227 with the amount of tertiary air controlled by the tertiary air register 229 so that the remaining fraction of unburned gases in the exhaust gases is oxidized to downstream of the 2217 tertiary air inlet.
[031] At the end of the coking cycle, the coal was removed by
13/38 coking and charring to produce coke. Green coke is coal that is not fully coked. The coke is preferably removed from oven 105 through the rear door 170 using a mechanical extraction system. Finally, the coke is cooled (for example, wet or dry cooled) and sized before delivery to a user.
[032] Figure 4 illustrates a portion of coke plant 100 that includes an automatic draft control system 300. The automatic draft control system 300 includes an automatic pickup register 305 that can be positioned in any of numerous positions. between fully open and fully closed to vary the amount of oven draft in oven 105. The automatic capture register 305 is controlled in response to operating conditions (eg draft pressure or temperature, oxygen concentration, gas flow rate ) detected by at least one sensor. The automatic control system 300 may include one or more sensors discussed below or other sensors configured to detect operating conditions relating to the operation of coke plant 100.
[033] An oven draft sensor or oven pressure sensor 310 detects a pressure that is indicative of the oven draft and the oven draft sensor 310 can be located in oven crown 180 or in oven chamber 185. Alternatively, oven draft sensor 310 can be located in the automatic capture registers 305, in the sill duct 205, in each oven door 165 or 170, or in the common tunnel 110 immediately above the coke oven 105. In one embodiment, the oven sensor oven draft 310 is located at the top of the oven crown 180. The oven draft sensor 310 can be located flush with a refractory brick coating of the oven crown 180 or it could extend into the oven chamber 185 from the crown furnace 180. A 315 bypass exhaust stack draft sensor detects a pressure that is indicative of the draft in the stack
14/38 bypass exhaust 240 (for example, at the base of the bypass exhaust stack 240). In some embodiments, the 315 bypass exhaust draft sensor is located at intersection 245. Additional draft sensors may be positioned elsewhere in coke plant 100. For example, a draft sensor in the common tunnel could be used to detect a common tunnel draft indicative of the oven draft in multiple ovens close to the draft sensor. An intersection draft sensor 317 detects a pressure that is indicative of the draft at one of intersections 245.
[034] An oven temperature sensor 320 detects the oven temperature and can be located in oven crown 180 or in oven chamber 185. A threshold duct temperature sensor 325 detects the threshold duct temperature and remains located in the sill duct 205. In some embodiments, the sill duct 205 is divided into two labyrinths 205A and 205B with each labyrinth in fluid communication with one of the two intake ducts in furnace 225. A combustion temperature sensor 325 is located in each of the sill duct mazes so that the sill duct temperature can be detected in each maze. A intake duct temperature sensor 330 detects the intake duct temperature and is located in the intake duct 225. A common tunnel temperature sensor 335 detects the common tunnel temperature and is located in common tunnel 110. A temperature sensor Inlet temperature of HRSG 340 detects the inlet temperature of HRSG and is located at or near the inlet of HRSG 120. Additional temperature sensors can be positioned elsewhere in coke plant 100.
[035] An intake duct oxygen sensor 345 is positioned to detect the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gases in the intake duct 225. An inlet oxygen sensor of the HRSG 350 is positioned to detect the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gases exhaust at the entrance to the HRSG 120.
15/38 main stack oxygen sensor 360 is positioned to detect the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gases in main stack 145 and additional oxygen sensors can be positioned elsewhere in coke plant 100 to provide information on oxygen concentration relative in several places in the system.
[036] A flow sensor detects the gas flow rate of the exhaust gases. For example, a flow sensor can be located downstream from each of the HRSGs 120 to detect the flow rate of the exhaust gases leaving each HRSG 120. This information can be used to balance the flow of exhaust gases through each HRSG 120 when adjusting the HRSG 250 records. Additional flow sensors can be positioned at other locations in the coke plant 100 to provide information on the gas flow rate at various locations in the system.
[037] Additionally, one or more draft or pressure sensors, temperature sensors, oxygen sensors, flow sensors, and / or other sensors can be used in the air quality control system 130 or other locations downstream of the HRSGs 120.
[038] It can be important to keep the sensors clean. One method for keeping a sensor clean is to periodically remove the sensor and clean it manually. Alternatively, the sensor can be periodically popped, blown up, or flowed with a high pressure gas to remove the buildup on the sensor. As an additional alternative, a small flow of continuous gas can be provided to continuously clean the sensor.
[039] The automatic capture register 305 includes the capture register 230 and an actuator 365 configured to open and close the capture register 230. For example, the actuator 365 can be on a linear actuator or a rotational actuator. Actuator 365 allows the pickup register 230 to be infinitely
16/38 controlled between fully open and fully closed positions. Actuator 365 moves the pickup register 230 between these positions in response to the operating condition or operating conditions detected by the sensor or sensors included in the automatic draft control system 300. This provides much more control than a conventional pickup register. A conventional pickup register has a limited number of fixed positions between fully open and fully closed and must be manually adjusted between these positions by an operator.
[040] The intake registers 230 are periodically adjusted to maintain the appropriate oven draft (for example, at least 0.254 cm (0.1 inch) of water) that changes in response to many different factors within the furnaces or the exhaust system hot. When common tunnel 110 has a relatively low common tunnel draft (that is, closer to atmospheric pressure than a relatively high draft), the catch register 230 can be opened to increase the oven draft to ensure that the oven draft remain in or above 0.254 cm (0.1 inch) of water. When the common tunnel 110 has a relatively high common tunnel draft, the intake register 230 can be closed to reduce the oven draft, thereby reducing the amount of air drawn into the oven chamber 185.
[041] With conventional capture registers, the capture registers are manually adjusted and, therefore, the optimization of the oven draft is part art and part science, a product of the operator's experience and perception. The automatic draft control system 300 described here automates the control of the capture registers 230 and allows continuous optimization of the position of the capture registers 230 thus replacing at least some necessary experience and perception of the operator. The automatic draft control system 300 can be used to maintain an oven draft in a desired oven draft (for example, at least 0.254 cm (0.1 inch) of water), control the amount of excess air in oven 105,
17/38 or to achieve other desired effects by automatically adjusting the capture register 230 position. Without automatic control, it could be difficult if not impossible to manually adjust the capture registers 230 as often could be required to maintain the oven draft of at least 0.254 cm (0.1 inch) of water without allowing pressure in the oven for positive draft. Typically, with manual control, the target oven draft is greater than 0.254 cm (0.1 inch) of water, this results in more air leaking into the 105 coke oven. For a conventional pickup record, an operator monitors various oven temperatures and visually observe the coking process in the coke oven to determine when and how much to adjust the intake register. The operator does not have specific information about the draft (pressure) inside the coke oven.
[042] Actuator 365 positions the pickup register 230 based on position instructions received from a 370 controller. Position instructions can be generated in response to draft, temperature, oxygen concentration, or gas flow rate by a or more sensors discussed above, control algorithms that include one or more sensor inputs, or other control algorithms. Controller 370 can be a separate controller associated with a single 305 auto-capture register or multiple 305 auto-capture registers, a centralized controller (for example, a distributed control system or a programmable logic control system), or a combination of two. In some modes, controller 370 uses proportional-integral derivative control (“PID”).
[043] The automatic draft control system 300 can, for example, control the automatic capture register 305 of an oven 105 in response to the oven draft detected by the oven draft sensor 310. The oven draft sensor 310 detects the oven draft and sends an oven draft signal to controller 370. Controller 370 generates a position instruction in response to that input
18/38 sensor and actuator 365 moves the pickup register 230 to the position required by the position instruction. In this way, the automatic control system 300 can be used to maintain a desired oven draft (for example, at least 0.254 cm (0.1 inch) of water). Similarly, the automatic draft control system 300 can control the automatic pickup registers 305, the HRSG 250 registers, and the draft fan 140, as needed, to maintain desired runs elsewhere at coke plant 100 (for example, a desired intersection draft or a desired common tunnel draft). The automatic draft control system 300 can be placed in a manual mode to allow manual adjustment of the automatic capture registers 305, HRSG registers, and / or the draft fan 140, as needed. Preferably, the automatic draft control system 300 includes a manual mode timer and, when the manual mode timer expires, the automatic draft control system 300 returns to automatic mode.
[044] In some modalities, the signal generated by the oven draft sensor 310 which is indicative of the detected pressure or draft has its average time calculated to achieve a stable pressure control in the coke oven 105. The calculation of the average time of the signal can be performed by controller 370. Calculating the average pressure signal time helps to filter out normal fluctuations in the pressure signal and to filter out noise. Typically, the signal can have its average time calculated over 30 seconds, 1 minute, 5 minutes, or for at least 10 minutes. In one embodiment, an average rolling time of the pressure signal is generated by taking 200 sweeps of the detected pressure in 50 milliseconds per sweep. The greater the difference in the calculated average time pressure signal and the desired oven draft, the greater the change made by the automatic draft control system 300 at the record position to achieve the desired draft. In some embodiments, the position instructions provided by the controller
19/38
370 to the automatic capture register 305 are linearly proportional to the difference in the calculated average time pressure signal and the desired oven draft. In other modalities, the position instructions provided by controller 370 to the automatic capture register 305 are non-linearly proportional to the difference in the calculated average time pressure signal and the desired oven draft. Similarly, the other sensors previously discussed can have calculated average time signals.
[045] The automatic draft control system 300 can be operated to keep a calculated average time oven draft constant within a specific oven draft tolerance throughout the coking cycle. This tolerance can be, for example, +/- 0.127 cm (0.05 inch) of water, +/- 0.0508 cm (0.02 inch) of water, or +/- 0.0254 cm (0.01 inch) of water.
[046] The automatic draft control system 300 can also be operated to create a variable draft in the coke oven by adjusting the desired oven draft over the course of the coking cycle. The desired oven draft can be reduced in stages as a function of the elapsed time of the coking cycle. Thus, using a 48-hour coking cycle as an example, the target draft starts relatively high (for example, 0.50 cm (0.2 inch) of water) and is reduced every 12 hours by 0.127 cm (0.05) inch) of water so that the desired oven draft is 0.50 cm (0.2 inch) of water for hours 1 to 12 of the coking cycle, 0.381 cm (0.15 inch) of water for hours 12 to 24 of the cycle of coking, 0.0254 cm (0.01 inch) of water for hours 24 to 36 of the coking cycle, and 0.127 cm (0.05 inch) for hours 36 to 48 of the coking cycle. Alternatively, the desired draft can be linearly reduced over the coking cycle to a new lower value proportional to the elapsed time of the coking cycle.
[047] As an example, if the oven draft of a 105 oven falls below the
20/38 target oven draft (for example, 0.254 cm (0.1 inch) of water) and the intake register 230 is fully open, the automatic draft control system 300 would increase the draft by opening at least one HRSG 250 to increase the oven draft. Because this increase in the draft downstream of furnace 105 affects more than one furnace 105, some furnaces 105 may need to have their intake registers 230 adjusted (for example, moved towards the fully closed position) to maintain the desired oven draft. (ie, adjust the oven draft to prevent it from getting too high). If the HRSG 250 register is already fully open, the automatic register control system 300 would need the draft fan 140 to provide a larger draft. This increased draft downstream of all HRSGs 120 would affect the entire HRSG 120 and could require an adjustment of the HRSG 250 records and the intake records 230 to maintain the desired runs throughout coke plant 100.
[048] As another example, the common tunnel draft can be minimized by requiring that at least one intake register 230 is fully open and that all ovens 105 are at least in the desired oven draft (for example, 0.254 cm (0 , 1 inch)) with HRSG 250 registers and / or draft fan 140 adjusted as needed to maintain these operational requirements.
[049] As another example, coke plant 100 can function in variable draft for intersection draft and / or common tunnel draft to stabilize air leak rate, mass flow, and temperature and composition exhaust gases (eg oxygen levels), among other desirable benefits. This is accomplished by varying the intersection draft and / or the common tunnel draft from a relatively high draft (for example, 2.032 cm (0.8 inch) of water) when the coke ovens 105 are pressed and reducing gradually to a relatively low draft (for example, 1.016 cm (0.4 inch)
21/38 of water), that is, functioning at a relatively high draft in the initial part of the coking cycle and in a relatively low draft in the final part of the coking cycle. The draft can be varied continuously or in stages.
[050] As another example, if the common tunnel draft declines too much, the HRSG 250 register would open to raise the common tunnel draft in order to satisfy the desired common tunnel draft at one or more locations along the common tunnel 110 (for example, 1.778 cm (0.7 inch) of water). After increasing the common tunnel draft by adjusting the HRSG 250 register, the intake registers 230 in the affected furnaces 105 can be adjusted (for example, moved towards the fully closed position) to maintain the desired oven draft in the affected furnaces 105 (ie, adjust the oven draft to prevent it from getting too high).
[051] As another example, the automatic draft control system 300 can control the automatic capture register 305 of an oven 105 in response to the oven temperature detected by the oven temperature sensor 320 and / or the threshold duct temperature detected by the threshold duct temperature sensor or sensors 325. Adjusting the automatic capture register 305 in response to the oven temperature or the threshold duct temperature can optimize coke production or other desirable results based on specific oven temperatures . When the threshold duct 205 includes two labyrinths 205A and 205B, the temperature balance between the two labyrinths 205A and 205B can be controlled by the automatic draft control system 300. The automatic capture register 305 for each of the two capture ducts 225 of the oven is controlled in response to the threshold duct temperature detected by the threshold duct temperature sensor 325 located in labyrinth 205A or 205B associated with that intake duct 225. Controller 370 compares the temperature of the threshold duct detected in each one labyrinths 205A and 205B and generates positional instructions for each of the two auto-capture registers 305 so that the
22/38 threshold temperature in each of the labyrinths 205A and 205B remains within a specific temperature range.
[052] In some modalities, the two 305 automatic capture registers are moved together to the same positions or synchronized. The auto pickup register 305 closest to the front door 165 is known as the "opening side" register and the auto pickup register closest to the rear door 170 is known as the "coke side" register. In this way, a single oven draft pressure sensor 310 provides signals and is used to adjust the opening and coke 305 automatic pickup registers in an identical manner. For example, if the position instruction from the controller to the 305 auto pickup registers is 60% open, both the opening side and coke 305 auto pickup registers are set to 60% open. If the position instruction from the controller to the 305 auto pickup registers is 20.32 cm (8 inches) open, both the 305 open side and coke auto pickup registers are 20.32 cm (8 inches) open. Alternatively, the two auto-capture registers 305 are moved in different positions to create a deviation. For example, for a 2.54 cm (1 inch) deviation, if the position instruction for synchronized 305 auto-capture records is 20.32 cm (8 inches) open, for deviated 305 auto-capture records, one of the records 305 auto-catch would be 22.86 cm (9 inches) open and another 305 auto-catch record would be 17.78 cm (7 inches) open. The total open area and pressure drop across the deviated 305 auto-pickup records remain constant when compared to the synchronized 305 auto-pickup records. The automatic capture registers 305 can be operated in synchronized or offset ways, as needed. The bypass can be used to try to maintain equal temperatures on the opening side and on the
23/38 coke from coke oven 105. For example, the sill duct temperatures measured in each of the sill duct labyrinths 205A and 205B (one on the coke side and one on the opening side) can be measured and, then, the corresponding 305 automatic capture register can be adjusted to achieve the desired oven draft, while simultaneously using the difference in the temperature of the coke sill duct and opening side to introduce a deviation proportional to the difference in duct temperatures between the coke side and opening side duct temperatures. In this way, the opening and coke side sill duct temperatures can become equal within a given tolerance. The tolerance (difference between coke and opening sill duct temperatures) can be 121.1 ° C (250 ° Fahrenheit), 37.8 ° C (100 ° Fahrenheit), 10 ° C (50 ° Fahrenheit ), or, preferably, -3.9 ° C (25 ° Fahrenheit) or less. Using state-of-the-art methodologies and control techniques, the temperatures of the coke side sill duct and the opening side sill duct can be placed within a tolerance value over the course of one or more hours ( for example, 1 to 3 hours), while simultaneously controlling the oven draft to the desired oven draft within a specific tolerance (for example, +/- 0.0254 cm (0.01 inch) of water). Bypassing the auto-pickup logs 305 based on the sill duct temperatures measured in each of the sill duct labyrinths 205A and 205B allows heat to be transferred between the opening side and the coke side of the coke oven 105. Typically, due to the fact that the opening side and the coke side of the coke bed are at different rates, there is a need to move heat from the opening side to the coke side. Likewise, bypassing the 305 automatic pickup logs based on the threshold duct temperatures measured in each of the 205A and 205B threshold duct labyrinths helps to keep the oven floor at a relatively uniform temperature throughout
24/38 the entire floor.
[053] Oven temperature sensor 320, threshold duct temperature sensor 325, intake duct temperature sensor 330, common tunnel temperature sensor 335, and HRSG 340 inlet temperature sensor can be used to detect overheating conditions in each of their respective locations. These detected temperatures can generate position instructions to allow excess air in one or more furnaces 105 by opening one or more self-tapping registers 305. Excess air (that is, where the oxygen present is above the stoichiometric ratio for combustion) results in unburned oxygen and unburned nitrogen in oven 105 and exhaust gases. This excess air has a lower temperature than the other exhaust gases and provides a cooling effect that eliminates overheating conditions in any other part of the 100 coke plant.
[054] As another example, the automatic draft control system 300 can control the automatic capture register 305 from an oven 105 in response to the oxygen concentration of the intake duct detected by the oxygen sensor of the intake duct 345. The adjustment of the automatic capture register 305 in response to the oxygen concentration of the intake duct can be performed to ensure that the exhaust gases leaving furnace 105 are completely burned and / or that the exhaust gases leaving furnace 105 do not contain much excess air or oxygen. Similarly, the automatic capture register 305 can be adjusted in response to the HRSG inlet oxygen concentration detected by the HRSG 350 inlet oxygen sensor to maintain the HRSG inlet oxygen concentration above a threshold concentration that protects the HRSG 120 against unwanted combustion of exhaust gases that occurs in the HRSG 120. The HRSG 350 inlet oxygen sensor detects a minimum oxygen concentration to ensure that all
25/38 fuels have burned before entering the HRSG 120. Likewise, the automatic capture register 305 can be adjusted in response to the main battery oxygen concentration detected by the main battery oxygen sensor 360 to reduce the effect of leaks of air at the coke plant 100. These air leaks can be detected based on the oxygen concentration in the main stack 145.
[055] The automatic draft control system 300 can also control the automatic capture records 305 based on the time elapsed within the coking cycle. This allows for automatic control without having to install an oven draft 310 sensor or another sensor in each oven 105. For example, position instructions for 305 auto-pickup registers could be based on actuator position data or position data record data from previous coking cycles for one or more coke ovens 105 so that the automatic capture record 305 is controlled based on historical positioning data in relation to the time elapsed in the current coking cycle.
[056] The automatic draft control system 300 can also control the auto capture registers 305 in response to sensor inputs from one or more of the sensors discussed above. Inferential control allows each coke oven 105 to be controlled based on anticipated changes in the operating conditions of the oven or coke plant (for example, draft / pressure, temperature, oxygen concentration at various locations in oven 105 or at the coke 100) instead of reacting to the actual detected operating condition or conditions. For example, the use of inferential control, a change in the oven draft detected that shows that the oven draft is decaying towards the desired oven draft (for example, at least 0.254 cm (0.1 inch) of water) based on multiple readings from the oven draft 310 sensor over a period of time,
26/38 can be used to anticipate a predicted oven draft below the target oven draft in order to anticipate the actual oven draft decaying below the target oven draft and generate a position statement based on the predicted oven draft to change the position of the oven record. automatic capture 305 in response to the anticipated oven draft, rather than waiting for the actual oven draft to decay below the desired oven draft before generating the position instruction. Inferential control can be used to consider the reciprocal effect between the various operating conditions at various locations in the coke plant 100. For example, inferential control considering a requirement to always keep the oven under negative pressure, controlling the optimal oven temperature required , the threshold duct temperature, and the maximum common tunnel temperature while minimizing the oven draft is used to position the automatic capture register 305. Inferential control allows the 370 controller to make predictions based on known coking cycle characteristics and in operational condition inputs provided by the various sensors described above. Another example of inferential control allows the automatic capture records 305 of each oven 105 to be adjusted to maximize a control algorithm that results in an optimal balance between coke yield, coke quality, and power generation. Alternatively, the capture registers 305 can be adjusted to maximize one between coke yield, quality and coke, and power generation.
[057] Alternatively, similar automatic draft control systems can be used to automate primary air registers 195, secondary air registers 220, and / or tertiary air registers 229 in order to control the rate and location of combustion at various locations within an oven 105. For example, air can be added via an automatic secondary air register in response to one or more between the draft, temperature, and oxygen concentration detected by
27/38 an appropriate sensor positioned in the threshold duct 205 or by appropriate sensors positioned in each of the threshold duct labyrinths 205A and 205B.
[058] Referring to Figure 5, in a first volatile matter sharing system 400, coke ovens 105A and 105B are fluidly connected by a first connection tunnel 405A, coke ovens 105B and 105C are fluidly connected by a second connection tunnel 405B, and the coke ovens 105C and 105D are fluidly connected by a third connection tunnel 405C. As illustrated, all four coke ovens 105A, B, C, and D are in fluid communication with each other through connection tunnels 405, however, preferably, connection tunnels 405 fluidly connect coke ovens to any point above the top surface of the coke bed during normal operating conditions of the coke oven. Alternatively, more or less coke ovens 105 are fluidly connected. For example, coke ovens 105A, B, C, and D can be connected in pairs so that coke ovens 105A and 105B are fluidly connected through the first connecting tunnel 405A and coke ovens 105C and 105D are fluidly connected through the third connection tunnel 405C, omitting the second connection tunnel 405B. Each connecting tunnel 405 extends through a shared side wall 175 between two coke ovens 105 (coke ovens 105B and 105C will be referred to for descriptive purposes). Connecting tunnel 405B provides fluid communication between oven chamber 185 of coke oven 105B and oven chamber 185 of coke oven 105C and also provides fluid communication between the two oven chambers 185 and a pipe channel. 200 descent from the 105C coke oven.
[059] The flow of volatile matter and hot gases between fluidly connected coke ovens (for example, 105B and 105C coke ovens) is controlled
28/38 by deviating oven pressure or oven draft in adjacent coke ovens so that hot gases and volatile matter in the higher pressure (smaller draft) 105B coke oven flow through the connection tunnel 400B to the oven lower pressure coke (larger draft) 105C. Alternatively, the 105C coke oven is the higher pressure coke oven (smaller draft) and the 105B coke oven is the lower pressure coke oven (larger draft) and the volatile matter is transferred from the 105C coke oven. to the 105B coke oven. The volatile matter to be transferred from the higher pressure coke oven (smaller draft) may come from oven chamber 185, downflow channel 200, or both from oven chamber 185 and downflow channel 200 from the higher pressure coke oven (smaller draft). Volatile matter primarily flows in the downpipe channel 200, but it may flow intermittently unpredictably into oven chamber 185 as a reduced amount of volatile matter depending on the draft or pressure difference between oven chamber 185 of the coke oven. higher pressure (smaller draft) 105B and oven chamber 185 of the lower pressure coke oven (larger draft) 105C. The distribution of volatile matter to the downpipe channel 200 provides volatile matter to the sill duct 205. The draft deviation can be performed by adjusting the catch register or catches 230 associated with each coke oven 105B and 105C. In some embodiments, the draft deviation between coke ovens 105 and inside coke oven 105 is controlled by the automatic draft control system 300.
[060] Additionally, a connection tunnel control valve 410 can be positioned in connection tunnel 405 to further control the flow of fluids between the two adjacent coke ovens (coke ovens 105C and 105D will be referred to for descriptive purposes ). Control valve 410 includes a register 415 that can be positioned in any of a series of positions between fully open and fully closed to vary the amount of fluid flow through the
29/38 connection tunnel 405. The control valve 410 can be controlled manually or it can be an automated control valve. An automated control valve 410 receives position instructions for moving register 415 to a specific position from a controller (for example, controller 370 of the automatic draft control system 300).
[061] Referring to Figure 6, in a second volatile matter sharing system 420, four coke ovens 105E, F, G, and H are fluidly connected through a shared tunnel 425. Alternatively, more or less coke ovens 105 are fully connected by one or more shared tunnels 425. For example, coke ovens 105E, F, G, and H can be connected in pairs so that coke ovens 105E and 105F are fluidly connected through a first shared tunnel and the 105G and 105H coke ovens are fluidly connected through a second shared tunnel, with no connections between the 105F and 105G coke ovens. An intermediate tunnel 430 extends through the crown 180 of each coke oven 105E, F, G, and H to fluidly connect the oven chamber 185 of that coke oven to the shared tunnel 425.
[062] Similar to the first volatile matter sharing system 400, the flow of volatile matter and hot gases between fluidly connected coke ovens (eg 105G and 105H coke ovens) is controlled by deflecting the pressure or oven draft in the adjacent coke ovens so that hot gases and volatile matter in the 105G higher pressure (smaller draft) coke oven flow through the shared tunnel 425 to the 105H lower pressure coke oven (larger draft). The flow of volatile matter inside the smaller pressure coke oven (larger draft) 105H can be additionally controlled to provide volatile matter to the oven chamber 185, the threshold duct 205 through the downflow channel 200, or both to the chamber oven 185 as the
30/38 sill duct 205.
[063] Additionally, a shared tunnel control valve 435 can be positioned in shared tunnel 425 to control the flow of fluids along the shared tunnel (for example, between coke ovens 105F and 105G. The control valve 435 includes a 440 register that can be positioned in any of a series of positions between fully open and fully closed to vary the amount of fluid flow through the shared tunnel 425. The control valve 435 can be controlled manually or it can be a control valve An automated control valve 435 receives position instructions to move register 440 to a specific position from a controller (for example, controller 370 of the automatic draft control system 300). In some embodiments, multiple control valves control 435 are positioned in the shared tunnel 425. For example, a control valve 435 can be positioned between coke ovens u 105 adjacent or between groups of two or more coke ovens 105.
[064] Referring to Figure 7, a third volatile matter sharing system 445 combines the first volatile matter sharing system 400 and the second volatile matter sharing system 420. As illustrated, four coke ovens 105H, I , J, and K are fluidly connected to each other through connection tunnels 405D, E, and F e through shared tunnel 425. In other embodiments, different combinations of two or more coke ovens 105 connected through tunnels are used. connection 405 and / or shared tunnel 425. The flow of volatile matter and hot gases between fluidly connected coke ovens 105 is controlled by bypassing the pressure or oven draft oven between the fluidly connected coke ovens 105. In addition, the third volatile matter sharing system 445 may include at least one connection tunnel control valve 410 and / or at least
31/38 minus a 435 shared tunnel control valve to control the flow of fluids between connected 105 coke ovens.
[065] The 445 volatile matter sharing system provides two options for volatile matter sharing: descent crown-channel sharing through a 405 connection tunnel and crown-to-crown sharing through shared tunnel 425. This provides greater control of the volatile matter distribution to the coke oven 105 that receives the volatile matter. For example, volatile matter may be required in sill duct 205, but not in oven chamber 185, or vice versa. Having separate tunnels 405 and 425 for sharing the crown-to-channel of the descent pipe and crown-to-crown, respectively, ensures that the volatile matter can be reliably transferred to the correct location (that is, to the oven chamber 185 or the sill duct 205 through lowering channel 200). The draft in each coke oven 105 is deflected as needed for the volatile matter to transfer crown-to-channel from descent tube and / or crown-to-crown, as needed.
[066] For all three volatile matter sharing systems 400, 420, and 445, it is essential to control the oxygen concentration in coke ovens 105 when transferring volatile matter. When sharing volatile matter, it is important to have the appropriate oxygen concentration in the area that receives the volatile matter (for example, oven chamber 185 or sill duct 205). Too much oxygen will burn more than necessary volatile matter. For example, if volatile matter is added to oven chamber 185 and a very large amount of oxygen is present, the volatile matter will burn completely in oven chamber 185, raising the temperature of the oven chamber above a desired temperature of the oven chamber and will result in no volatile matter transferred from furnace chamber 185 to sill duct 205, which could result in a sill duct temperature below
32/38 a desired threshold duct temperature. As another example, when sharing a down-pipe crown-to-channel sharing, it is critical to ensure that there is an appropriate oxygen concentration in the sill duct 205 to burn the transferred volatile matter, or the potential gains in the sill duct temperature due to the transferred volatile matter will not be obtained. The control of the oxygen concentration in the coke oven 105 can be carried out by adjusting the primary air register 195, the secondary air register 220, and the tertiary air register 229, each by itself or in various combinations.
[067] Volatile matter sharing systems 400, 420, and 445 can be incorporated into newly constructed coke ovens 105 or can be added to existing coke ovens 105 as an enhancement. Volatile matter sharing systems 420 and 445 appear to be better suited to perfect existing coke 105 ovens.
[068] A coke plant can be operated using free coking coal with a relatively low density (for example, with a specific gravity (“sg”) between 0.75 and 0.85) as the coal inlet or using a high density compacted mixture (“charged by compaction”) of coking and non-coking coal as the coal inlet. Stampcharged coal is formed into a coal pie having a relatively high density (for example, between 0.9 sg and 1.2 sg or greater). The volatile matter supplied by the coal, which is used to supply the coking process, is supplied at different rates by free coking coal and stamp-charged coal. Free coking coal provides volatile matter at a much higher rate than stamp-charged coal. As shown in Figure 8, the rate at which coal (free coking coal shown as a dashed line 450 or stampcharged coal shown as a continuous line 455) releases volatile matter decays after reaching a peak part through the coking cycle ( for example, about
33/38 an hour and an hour and a half in the coking cycle). As shown in Figure 9, a coke oven loaded with free coking coal (shown as a 460 continuous line) will heat up at a faster rate (that is, it will reach the desired coking temperature more quickly) and reach temperatures higher than an oven of coke loaded with stamp-charged coal (shown as a 465 dashed line) due to the higher rate of volatile matter release. Preferably, the desired coking temperature is measured near the furnace crown and shown as a burst 470. The lower rate of volatile matter release leads to lower furnace temperatures in the crown, a longer time at the desired coke oven temperature , and a longer coking cycle time than in an oven loaded with free coking coal. If the coking cycle time is too long, stamp-charged coal may be unable to be removed entirely by coking, resulting in green coke. The lower rate of release of volatile matter, longer heating time at the desired temperature, and lower temperatures at the furnace crown for a stamp-charged coke oven compared to a coke oven loaded with free coking coal contribute to a longer time long coking cycle for a stamp-charged oven and can result in green coke. These disadvantages of compaction-loaded coke ovens can be overcome with volatile matter sharing systems 400, 420, and 445 that allow volatile matter to be shared between fluidly connected coke ovens.
[069] In use, volatile matter sharing systems 400, 420, and 445 allow volatile matter and hot gases from a 105 coke oven that consists of an intermediate coking cycle and has reached the desired coking temperature to be transferred to a 105 different coke oven freshly loaded with stamp-charged coal. This helps the coke oven
34/38
105 freshly loaded relatively cold to heat up faster while not adversely impacting the coking process in the coking oven 105 of intermediate coking cycle. As shown in Figure 10, according to an exemplary embodiment of a method 500 of sharing volatile matter between coke ovens, a first coke oven is loaded with stampcharged coal (step 505). A second coke oven is operating at or above the desired coking temperature (step 510) and the volatile matter from the second coke oven is transferred to the first coke oven (step 515). The volatile matter is transferred between the coke ovens using one of the volatile matter sharing systems 400, 420, and 425. The rate and volume of volatile matter flow are controlled by deviating the oven draft from the two coke ovens, by the position of at least one control valve 410 and / or 435 between the two coke ovens, or by a combination of the two. Optionally, additional air is added to the first coke oven to completely burn the volatile matter transferred from the second oven (step 520). Additional air can be added via the primary air inlet, the secondary air inlet, or the tertiary air inlet, as needed. Adding air through the primary air inlet will increase combustion near the furnace crown and increase the furnace crown temperature. Adding air through the secondary air inlet will increase combustion in the sill duct and increase the temperature of the sill duct. The combustion of the volatile matter transferred in the first coke oven increases the oven temperature and the rate of temperature increase in the oven in the first coke oven (step 525), thus inducing the first coke oven to reach temperature more quickly. coking process and reducing the coking cycle time. The oven temperature in the second coke oven declines, but remains above the desired coking temperature (step 530). Figure 11 illustrates the corona temperature versus the time elapsed in each cycle of
35/38 coke oven coke to show the crown temperature profile of two coke ovens in which volatile matter is shared between coke ovens according to method 500. The temperature of the first coke oven in relation to time elapsed in the first coking cycle of the coke oven is shown as a dashed line 475. The temperature of the second coke oven in relation to the time elapsed in the second coking cycle of the coke oven is shown as a continuous line 480. The time in which the transfer of volatile matter to the newly stamp-charged furnace begins is noticed along the geometric axes of time.
[070] Alternatively, the volatile matter can be shared between two coke ovens to cool a coke oven that is running very hot. A temperature sensor (for example, oven temperature sensor 320, threshold duct temperature sensor 325, intake duct temperature sensor 330) detects an overheating condition (for example, approaching, at, or above maximum oven temperature) in a first coke oven and in response to the volatile matter is transferred from the hot coke oven to a second cold coke oven. The cold coke oven is identified by a temperature captured by a temperature sensor (for example, oven temperature sensor 320, threshold duct temperature sensor 325, intake duct temperature sensor 330). The coke oven must be sufficiently below an overheating condition to accommodate the increased temperature that will result from the volatile matter in the hot coke oven being transferred to the cold coke oven. By removing the volatile matter from the hot coke oven, the temperature of the hot coke oven is reduced below the overheating condition.
[071] Depending on the usage in question, the terms "approximately," "about," "substantially," and similar terms are intended to have a broad meaning in
36/38 harmony to common and accepted use by individuals versed in the technique to which the material of this revelation belongs. It should be understood by those skilled in the art who have analyzed this disclosure that these terms are intended to allow a description of certain features described and claimed without restricting the scope of these features to the precise numerical ranges provided. Correspondingly, these terms are to be interpreted as indicating insubstantial or irrelevant changes to the material described and are considered to be within the scope of the disclosure.
[072] It should be noted that the term “exemplifier” according to the usage in question to describe various modalities is intended to indicate that these modalities are possible examples, representations and / or illustrations of possible modalities (and this term is not intended to connote that these modalities are necessarily extraordinary or superlative examples).
[073] It should be noted that the orientation of various elements may differ according to other exemplifying modalities, and that these variations are intended to be covered by the present disclosure.
[074] Likewise, it is important to note that the constructions and arrangements of the systems as shown in the various exemplifying modalities are illustrative only. Although a few modalities have been described in detail in this disclosure, those skilled in the art who have examined this disclosure will readily assess that many modifications are possible (for example, variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, parameter values , assembly arrangements, use of materials, guidelines, etc.) without materially diverging from the innovative teachings and advantages of the subject mentioned in the claims. For example, the elements shown as integrally formed can be constructed by multiple parts or elements, the position of the elements can be inverted or,
37/38 otherwise, varied, and the nature or number of discrete elements or positions can be changed or varied. The order or sequence of any process or method steps can be varied or sequenced again according to alternative modalities. Other substitutions, modifications, alterations and omissions can also be made to the project, operational conditions and arrangement of the various exemplifying modalities without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
[075] The present disclosure contemplates methods, systems and program products on any machine-readable media to perform various operations. The modalities of the present disclosure can be implemented using existing computer processors, or by a special purpose computer processor for an appropriate system, incorporated for these or other purposes, or by a physically connected system. The modalities contained in the scope of the present disclosure include program products that comprise machine-readable media to perform or have machine-executable instructions or data structures stored therein. These machine-readable media can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer for general or special purposes or another machine with a processor. For example, these machine-readable media may comprise RAM, ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used for carry out or store a desired program code in the form of instructions executable by machine or data structures and which can be accessed by a computer for general or special purposes or another machine with a processor. When information is transferred or provided by a network or other communications connection (whether physically connected, wireless, or a combination of physically connected or wireless) to a machine, the machine
38/38 properly displays the connection with a machine-readable medium. Therefore, any connection is properly designated as a machine-readable medium. Combinations of these are also included in the scope of machine-readable media. Machine-readable instructions include, for example, instructions and data that induce a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or special-purpose processing machines to perform a particular function or group of functions.
1/6

权利要求:
Claims (15)
[1]
1. Volatile matter sharing system, comprising: a first stamp-charged coke oven (105);
a second stamp-charged coke oven (105);
a tunnel (405) in fluid connection connecting the first stampcharged coke oven (105) to the second stamp-charged coke oven (105);
CHARACTERIZED by a sensor (320) configured to detect a low temperature condition in the second stamp-charged coke oven (105); and a control valve (410) positioned in the tunnel (405) and adapted to direct heated gas from the first stamp-charged coke oven (105) to the second stamp-charged coke oven (105) in response to a low condition temperature in the second stamp-charged coke oven (105).
[2]
2. Volatile matter sharing system according to claim 1, characterized by each of the first stampcharged coke oven (105) and the second stamp-charged coke oven (105) including an oven chamber (185); and the tunnel (405) extends through a shared side wall that separates an oven chamber (185) from the first stamp-charged coke oven (105) from an oven chamber of the second stamp-charged oven (105).
[3]
3. Volatile matter sharing system according to claim 2, CHARACTERIZED by still comprising:
a second tunnel (405) that fluidly connects the first stamp-charged coke oven (105) to the second stamp-charged coke oven (105);
wherein each of the first stamp-charged coke oven (105) and the second stamp-charged coke oven (105) includes a crown (180); and at least a portion of the second tunnel (405) is located above
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2/6 at least a portion of the crown (180) of the first stamp-charged coke oven (105) and above at least a portion of the crown (180) of the second stamp-charged coke oven (105).
[4]
4. Volatile matter sharing system, comprising: a first stamp-charged coke oven (105) and a second stamp-charged coke oven (105), each of the stamp-charged coke ovens (105), including , an oven chamber (185), a sill duct (205), a lowering tube channel fluidly connecting the oven chamber (185) and the sill duct (205), a intake duct (225) in fluid communication with the sill duct (205), the intake duct (225) configured to receive the exhaust gases from the oven chamber (185), an automatic capture register (230) in the sill duct (225) and configured to be positioned in any of the plurality of positions, including fully open and fully closed according to a position instruction to control an oven draft in the oven chamber (185), and a sensor (320) configured to detect an operating condition the stamp-charged coke oven (105);
CHARACTERIZED by a tunnel (405) that fluidly connects the first stampcharged coke oven (105) to the second stamp-charged coke oven (105);
a control valve (410) positioned in the tunnel (405) and configured to be positioned in any of the plurality of positions, including fully open and fully closed according to the position of an instruction to control the flow of fluid between the first furnace stamp-charged coke (105) and the
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3/6 second stamp-charged coke oven (105) in response to a low temperature condition in one of the first stamp-charged coke oven (105) and the second stamp-charged coke oven (105); and a controller (370) in communication with the automatic capture registers (230), the control valve (410), and the sensors, the controller (370) configured to provide instructions on the position of each of the automatic capture registers ( 230) and the control valve (410) in response to the operating conditions detected by the sensors.
[5]
5. Volatile matter sharing system according to claim 4, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that both sensors are temperature sensors (320) and each operating condition is the oven crown temperature of the respective stamp-charged coke oven (105).
[6]
6. Volatile matter sharing system according to claim 4, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the tunnel (405) extends through a common side wall separating the oven chamber (185) from the first stamp-charged coke oven (105) of the oven chamber (185) of the second stamp-charged oven (105).
[7]
7. Volatile matter sharing system according to claim 4, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that each of the first stamp-charged coke oven (105) and the second stamp-charged coke oven (105) includes a crown (180 ); and at least a portion of the tunnel (405) is located above at least a portion of the crown (180) of the first stamp-charged coke oven (105) and above at least a portion of the crown (180) of the second stampcharged coke (105).
[8]
8. Volatile matter sharing system according to claim 4, CHARACTERIZED by still comprising:
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4/6 a second tunnel (405) that fluidly connects the first stamp-charged coke oven (105) to the second stamp-charged coke oven (105);
a second control valve (410) positioned in the second tunnel (405) and configured to be positioned in any of the plurality of positions, including fully open and fully closed according to a position instruction to control the flow of fluid between the first stampcharged coke oven (105) and the second stamp-charged coke oven (105); and the controller (370) is in communication with the second control valve (410) and is configured to provide position instructions for the second control valve (410) in response to the operating conditions detected by the sensors.
[9]
9. Volatile matter sharing system according to claim 8, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that each of the first stamp-charged coke oven (105) and the second stamp-charged coke oven (105) includes an intermediate tunnel ( 430) extending through the crown (180) to fluidly connect the oven chamber (185) to the second tunnel (405).
[10]
10. Method of sharing volatile matter between two stamp-charged coke ovens (105), comprising:
loading a first coke oven with stamp-charged coal (105); loading a second coke oven with stamp-charged coal (105); operating the second coke oven (105) to produce the volatile matter and a second coke oven temperature (105) at least equal to a target coke temperature;
operating the first coke oven (105) to produce the volatile matter and at least a first coke oven temperature (105) below the target coke temperature;
Characterized by
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5/6 transferring volatile matter from the second coke oven (105) to the first coke oven (105);
burning the volatile matter transferred in the first coke oven (105) to increase the first temperature of the oven (105) to at least the target coke temperature; and continuing to operate the second coke oven (105) so that the second coke oven temperature (105) is at least at the target coke temperature.
[11]
11. Method according to claim 10, CHARACTERIZED by still comprising:
supply additional air to the first coke oven (105) to burn the transferred volatile matter.
[12]
12. Method according to claim 10, CHARACTERIZED by still comprising:
polarize an oven draft in the first coke oven (105) and an oven draft in the second coke (105) to transfer the volatile matter from the second coke oven (105) to the first coke oven (105).
[13]
13. Method according to claim 10, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the transfer of volatile matter from the second coke oven (105) to the first coke oven (105) includes the transfer of volatile matter from a chamber from the oven of the second coke oven (105) to a downstream channel of the first coke oven (105).
[14]
14. Method according to claim 10, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the transfer of volatile matter from the second coke oven (105) to the first coke oven (105) includes the transfer of volatile matter from a chamber from the oven of the second coke oven (105) to an oven chamber of the first coke oven (105).
Petition 870170006447, of 01/30/2017, p. 17/25
6/6
[15]
15. Method according to claim 10, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the transfer of volatile matter from the second coke oven (105) to the first coke oven (105) includes the transfer of volatile matter from a chamber (185) from the second coke oven (105) to a downstream channel of the first coke oven (105) and the transfer of volatile materials from an oven chamber (185) of the second coke oven ( 105) to an oven chamber (185) of the first coke oven (105).
Petition 870170006447, of 01/30/2017, p. 18/25
1/9
2/9

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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BR112015003483A2|2016-08-09|

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EP2885378A4|2016-03-23|

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CA2881842C|2017-02-21|

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IN2015KN00017A|2015-07-31|

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WO2014028482A1|2014-02-20|

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US9249357B2|2016-02-02|

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CN105567262A|2016-05-11|

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CN104781372A|2015-07-15|

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PL2885378T3|2020-04-30|

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CA2881842A1|2014-02-20|

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EP2885378A1|2015-06-24|

---

CN110564428A|2019-12-13|

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法律状态:
2016-09-06| B27A| Filing of a green patent (patente verde)|

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2016-10-11| B27B| Request for a green patent granted|

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2016-11-01| B07A| Technical examination (opinion): publication of technical examination (opinion)|

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2017-04-25| B09B| Decision: refusal|

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2017-08-15| B12B| Appeal: appeal against refusal|

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2018-09-18| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 13/08/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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US13/589,004|US9249357B2|2012-08-17|2012-08-17|Method and apparatus for volatile matter sharing in stamp-charged coke ovens|

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PCT/US2013/054721|WO2014028482A1|2012-08-17|2013-08-13|Method and apparatus for volatile matter sharing in stamp-charged coke ovens|

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